<?xml version="1.0"?>
<Articles JournalTitle="Frontiers in Emergency Medicine">
  <Article>
    <Journal>
      <PublisherName>Tehran University of Medical Sciences</PublisherName>
      <JournalTitle>Frontiers in Emergency Medicine</JournalTitle>
      <Issn>2717-3593</Issn>
      <Volume>5</Volume>
      <Issue>1</Issue>
      <PubDate PubStatus="epublish">
        <Year>2020</Year>
        <Month>08</Month>
        <Day>04</Day>
      </PubDate>
    </Journal>
    <title locale="en_US">Clinical Characteristics of Fatal Cases of COVID-19 in Tabriz, Iran: An Analysis of 111 Patients</title>
    <FirstPage>e12</FirstPage>
    <LastPage>e12</LastPage>
    <Language>EN</Language>
    <AuthorList>
      <Author>
        <FirstName>Masoud</FirstName>
        <LastName>Nouri-Vaskeh</LastName>
        <affiliation locale="en_US">Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran</affiliation>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName>Neda</FirstName>
        <LastName>Khalili</LastName>
        <affiliation locale="en_US">School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran</affiliation>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName>Akbar</FirstName>
        <LastName>Sharifi</LastName>
        <affiliation locale="en_US">Tuberculosis and Lung Disease Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran</affiliation>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName>Pouya</FirstName>
        <LastName>Behnam</LastName>
        <affiliation locale="en_US">Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran</affiliation>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName>Zahra</FirstName>
        <LastName>Soroureddin</LastName>
        <affiliation locale="en_US">Cardiovascular Division, Imam Hossein Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran</affiliation>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName>Erfan</FirstName>
        <LastName>Ahmadi Ade</LastName>
        <affiliation locale="en_US">Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran</affiliation>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName>Nastaran</FirstName>
        <LastName>Khalili</LastName>
        <affiliation locale="en_US">School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran</affiliation>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName>Nafiseh</FirstName>
        <LastName>Fadavi</LastName>
        <affiliation locale="en_US">Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Mofid Children&#x2019;s Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran</affiliation>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName>Behzad</FirstName>
        <LastName>Baradaran</LastName>
        <affiliation locale="en_US">Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran</affiliation>
      </Author>
    </AuthorList>
    <History>
      <PubDate PubStatus="received">
        <Year>2020</Year>
        <Month>07</Month>
        <Day>09</Day>
      </PubDate>
      <PubDate PubStatus="accepted">
        <Year>2020</Year>
        <Month>07</Month>
        <Day>29</Day>
      </PubDate>
    </History>
    <abstract locale="en_US">Introduction: The rapid worldwide spread, in addition to the morbidity and mortality associated with the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), have raised concern throughout the world. Identifying the characteristics of patients who died of COVID-19 is essential to implement preventive measures.&#xA0;Objective: We aimed at investigating these characteristics among the Iranian population in Tabriz.&#xA0;Methods: In this case series, we analyzed clinical characteristics, laboratory parameters, and imaging findings of 111 patients with a reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)-confirmed COVID-19 diagnosis who died during hospitalization. The studied patients had been admitted to the hospital between February 2020 and May 2020.&#xA0;Results: The median age of patients was 73 years (IQR, 62-82 years) and approximately 70% of them were male. The median oxygen saturation on admission was 88% (IQR, 80-92%) and dyspnea, cough, and fever were the most common presenting symptoms. Among comorbidities, diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular diseases were more frequently observed among patients who had a fatal outcome. While ground-glass opacity was the most commonly reported finding on chest computed tomography, 5% of the patients had no abnormal finding on imaging. Chloroquine was the most frequently used medication for treatment.&#xA0;Conclusion: Our results showed that the majority of COVID-19 deaths occurred in male elderly with decreased levels of oxygen saturation and elevated levels of lactate dehydrogenase and erythrocyte sedimentation rate on admission.</abstract>
    <web_url>https://fem.tums.ac.ir/index.php/fem/article/view/499</web_url>
    <pdf_url>https://fem.tums.ac.ir/index.php/fem/article/download/499/320</pdf_url>
  </Article>
</Articles>
